Jumat, 04 Juni 2010

Vadrum Meets Super Mario Bros (Drum Video)

bayi lucu

Babies Dancing Lebanese Dabka

Ronaldinho SHOW The FreeStyler (surat53)

Ronaldinho show

sepakbola lucu

cerita lucu

bayi nakal

Baby Gatal

klip lucu freestyle motor indonesia

lucu motor-disco

film lucu 7

elektronika

Rabu, 05 Mei 2010









Elektronika adalah ilmu yang mempelajari alat listrik arus lemah yang dioperasikan dengan cara mengontrol aliran elektron atau partikel bermuatan listrik dalam suatu alat seperti komputer, peralatan elektronik, termokopel, semikonduktor, dan lain sebagainya. Ilmu yang mempelajari alat-alat seperti ini merupakan cabang dari ilmu fisika, sementara bentuk desain dan pembuatan sirkuit elektroniknya adalah bagian dari teknik elektro, teknik komputer, dan ilmu/teknik elektronika dan instrumentasi.

Alat-alat yang menggunakan dasar kerja elektronika ini biasanya disebut sebagai peralatan elektronik (electronic devices). Contoh peralatan/ piranti elektronik ini: Tabung Sinar Katoda (Cathode Ray Tube,CRT), radio, TV, perekam kaset, perekam kaset video (VCR), perekam VCD, perekam DVD, kamera video,kamera digital, komputer pribadi desk-top, komputer Laptop, PDA (komputer saku), robot, smart card, dll.

Rabu, 02 Juni 2010

MRP

Memperbaiki Pesawat Radio

1) DASAR-DASAR PESAWAT PENERIMA AM/BAND MW

Semua sistem komunikasi, baik itu dari radio,televise,maupun yang lainnya terdiri atas dua bagian dasar:pesawat pemancar dan pesawat penerima. Pesawat pemancar berfungsi membangkitkan dan meradiasikan suatu informasi melalui suatu gelombang elektromagnetik.Kecepatan gelombang elektromagnetik sama dengan kecepatan cahaya yaitu sebesar 300.000 km/detik dan dinamakan gelombang pembawa (carrier wave) informasi. Pesawat penerima menangkap salah satu gelombang radio yang spesifik dari sejumlah gelombang yang ada di udara pada saat itu dan mengolahnya menjadi suatu informasi yang dapat dimengerti.

Jenis pesawat penerima yang pertama kali ditemukan dikenal dengan sebutan radio kristal. Penerima jenis ini hanya mampu menerima satu stasiun pemancar dan dayanya pun sangat lemah. Pesawat penerima radio, mulai berkembang setelah diketemukan tabung hampa (vacum tube) yang selanjutnya dibuat pesawat penerima yang disebut radio langsung (straight receiver). Straight Receiver ini mempunyai keuntungan dapat ditala pada beberapa stasiun pemancar, hanya masih mempunyai kelemahan yaitu harus mempunyai beberapa rangkaian penguat dan penala sesuai dengan frekuensi stasiun yang ditala, demikian pula sistem pendeteksiannya.

Suatu sistem pesawat penerima yang dikembangkan, yaitu pesawat penerima super heterodyne, dapat dipergunakan baik dalam sistem penerima radio maupun televisi.
Pesawat penerima super heterodyne prinsip bekerjanya sebagai berikut:

a) Informasi bersama gelombang pembawanya (RF) yang datang pada antena, diseleksi oleh rangkaian penala sampai didapat suatu sinyal RF tertentu yang kemudian dicampur (dikonversikan) dengan satu sinyal RF yang berasal dari osilator yang ada pada pesawat penerima sendiri.
b) Pencampuran kedua sinyal RF tersebut akan menghasilkan suatu sinyal selisih dari kedua sinyal tersebut, yang biasanya disebut sinyal frekuensi menengah (IF).
c) Pada sistem penerima radio AM besar frekuensi menengah (IF) umumnya 455 kHz.
d) Oleh karena frekuensi osilator local bervariasi pada waktu rangkaian penala divariasikan, maka selisih frekuensinya akan konstan sebesar frekuensi menengah tersebut. Pencampuran ini mempunyai keuntungan sebagai berikut:

(1) Kekerasan hasil penguatan mempunyai harga yang lebih tinggi karena IF mempunyai frekuensi yang lebih rendah dari RF.
(2) Amplifier IF dapat dirancang untuk suatu frekuensi yang spesifik, misalnya 455 kHz untuk setiap penerima radio AM.
(3) Hanya ada dua penala yaitu rangkaian penala RF dan osilator local. Sistem super heterodyne mempunyai kelemahan, yaitu adanya efek frekuensi bayangan. Walaupun IF sudah merupakan frekuensi selisih
dari RF dari osilator local, namun jumlah kedua frekuensi pun muncul pula.

Avenged Sevenfold - Almost Easy

Intro: Em, D, Am, C, D2

Verse: Em, C, G, D

Em     C                    G                      D
I feel insane every single time I'm asked to compromise

Em             C                             G                     
Cause I'm afraid, I`m stuck in my ways

D
And that`s the way it stays


Prechorus: Em, D2, C, D2

Em                      D2             C                           D2
So how long did I expect love to outweigh ignorance

Em                      D2             C                           D2
By that look on your face I may force the scale to tip

Em       D2        
I'm not insane, I'm not insane

C                         D2
I'm not insane, I`m not...

D2
Not insane


Chorus: G, Em7

(I'm not)

G
Come back to me, it's almost easy

(Sad at all)

Em7
Come back again, it's almost easy


Shame pulses through my heart
From the things I`ve done to you
It`s hard to face, but the fact remains that
This is nothing new

I left you bound and tied with suicidal memories
Selfish beneath the skin
But deep inside I'm not insane.

I'm not insane, I'm not insane.
I'm not insane, I'm not...
Not insane.

(I'm not)
Come back to me, it's almost easy
(Sad at all)
Come back again, it's almost easy
(You learned your lesson)
Come back to me, it's almost easy
(But first you fall)
Come back again, it's almost easy



Bridge: Em, G, D, Bm, C, G, Bm, B, C

Em                    G                D
Now that I`ve lost you it kills me to say

(Hurts to say)

Bm                                      C               
I try to hold on as you slowly slip away.

G
I`m losing the fight.

Bm                                   B                                 C
Treated you so wrong, now let me make it right.
(Make it all right)



I'm not insane, I'm not insane
I'm not insane, I'm not...
Not insane.

(I'm not)
Come back to me, it's almost easy
(Sad at all)
Come back again, it's almost easy
(You learned your lesson)
Come back to me, it's almost easy
(But still you fall)
Come back again, it's almost easy

Avenged Sevenfold - Gunslinger

Dm
Yeah, you've been alone
Dm
I've been gone for far too long
A#
But with all that we've been through
C
After all this time I'm coming home to you

Dm

Dm
Never let it show
Dm
The pain I've grown to know
A#
’Cause with all these things we do
C
It don't matter when I'm coming home to you


Dm                                    C
I reach towards the sky I've said my goodbyes
Am                             A#
My heart's always with you now
Dm                               C
I won't question why so many have died
Am                                 A#
My prayers have made it through yeah
A#
’Cause with all these things we do
C                                                            Dm
It don't matter when I'm coming home to you

Dm

Dm
Letters keep me warm
Dm
Helped me through the storm
A#
But with all that we've been through
C
After all this time I'm coming home to you


Dm                                     C
I reach towards the sky I've said my goodbyes
Am                            A#
My heart's always with you now
Dm                               C
I won't question why so many have died
Am                                 A#
My prayers have made it through yeah
A#
Cause with all these things we do

C                                                           Dm
It don't matter when I'm coming home to you


I've always been true

I've waited so long just to come hold you

I'm making it through

It's been far too long, we've proven our

Love over time’s so strong, in all that we do

The stars in the night, they lend me their light

to bring me closer to heaven with you

(Bring me closer)

But with all that we've been through
After all this time I'm coming home to you

I reach towards the sky I've said my goodbyes
My heart's always with you now
I won't question why so many have died
My prayers have made it through yeah
’Cause with all these things we do
It don't matter when I'm coming home to you

And with all that we've been through
After all this time I'm coming home to you

Avenged Sevenfold - Unholy Confessions

"I'll try," she said as he walked away.
Am
"Try not to lose you."
           F            G
Two vibrant hearts could change.
Am
Nothing tears the being more than deception,
F        G
unmasked fear.
Am            F        G          Am
"I'll be here waiting" tested and secure.


Am            F
Nothing hurts my world,
G                     Am
just affects the ones around me
Am                 F
When sin's deep in my blood,
G                    Am
you'll be the one to fall.


Am              F      G
"I wish I could be the one,
Am      F         G
the one who won't care at all
Am        F              G
But being the one on the stand,
Am F       G                           F
I know the way to go, no one's guiding me.
Am                    F               G
When time soaked with blood turns its back,
Am F        G       Am
I know it's hard to fall.
Am          F           G
Confided in me was your heart
Am F        G       Am   F        G       Am
I know it's hurting you, but it's killing me."


Am                        F
Nothing will last in this life,
G                 Am   
our time is spent constructing,
Am                               F        G
now you're perfecting a world... meant to sin.
Am                          F
Constrict your hands around me,
G                     Am
squeeze till I cannot breathe,
Am                          F
this air tastes dead inside me,
G                 Am
contribute to our plague.
Am
Break all your promises,
F
tear down this steadfast wall,
G
restraints are useless here,
Am
tasting salvation's near.

Avenged Sevenfold - Dear God

Intro:  F-C-Dm-Am-B-F-C   x2


F        C             Dm                 Am
A lonely road, crossed another cold state line
B                F            C
Miles away from those I love purpose hard to find
F          C           Dm                 Am
While I recall all the words you spoke to me
     B                  F
Can't help but wish that I was there
     C
Back where I'd love to be, oh yeah


F    C       Dm          C
Dear God the only thing I ask of you is
   B                      F
to hold her when I'm not around,
         C
when I'm much too far away
F        C         Dm           C
We all need that person who can be true to you
      B               F
But I left her when I found her
   C
And now I wish I'd stayed
           B             C
’Cause I'm lonely and I'm tired
      *          Dm  C  B
I'm missing you again oh no
          F
Once again


F                C          Dm              Am
There's nothing here for me on this barren road
       B                         F
There's no one here while the city sleeps
     C
and all the shops are closed
F               C            Dm                 Am
Can't help but think of the times I've had with you
B                 F              C
Pictures and some memories will have to help me through, oh yeah


F    C        Dm           C
Dear God the only thing I ask of you is
    B                        F
to hold her when I'm not around,
         C
when I'm much too far away
F      C         Dm             C
We all need that person who can be true to you
  B               F
I left her when I found her
   C        
And now I wish I'd stayed
          B              C
’Cause I'm lonely and I'm tired
      *         Dm   C  B
I'm missing you again oh no
         F
Once again


Dm     *     B               F
Some search, never finding a way
Dm      *  B             F
Before long, they waste away
Dm      *  B                       F
I found you, something told me to stay
Dm   * B               F
I gave in, to selfish ways
Gm                         C
And how I miss someone to hold

when hope begins to fade...

F         C             Dm                 Am
A lonely road, crossed another cold state line
B               F            C
Miles away from those I love purpose hard to find


F     C      Dm            C
Dear God the only thing I ask of you is
   B                F
to hold her when I'm not around,
        C
when I'm much too far away
F      C        Dm             C
We all need the person who can be true to you
   B             F
I left her when I found her
   C
And now I wish I'd stayed
          B              C
’Cause I'm lonely and I'm tired
        *        Dm  C  B
I'm missing you again oh no
           F
Once again


* = x 4 7 6 x x
          
Gm = 3 5 5 3 3 3

Avenged Sevenfold - Seize The Day

Dm                F                   G
Seize the day or die regretting the time you lost
       F              A#
It's empty and cold without you here,
         C               Dm
Too many people to ache over
G                  C
I see my vision burn,
                             F
I feel my memories fade with time
C                     Dm
But I'm too young to worry
G                       C
These streets we travel on
                           F
Will undergo our same lost past
Dm                    G                      F
I found you here, now please just stay for a while
          C                Dm
I can move on with you around
            G                 F             C
I hand you my mortal life, but will it be forever?
Dm     G               F
I'd do anything for a smile,
            C                 Dm
Holding you till our time is done
                G
We both know the day will come
   F                 C
But I don't want to leave you
G                   C
I see my vision burn,
                             F
I feel my memories fade with time
    C                Dm
But I'm too young to worry
A#
A melody, a memory, or just one picture
Dm                F                   G
Seize the day or die regretting the time you lost
       F              A#
It's empty and cold without you here,
         C               Dm
Too many people to ache over
Dm              G              F
Newborn life replacing all of us,
               C            Dm
Changing this fable we live in
            G              F         C
No longer needed here so where do we go?
Dm         G                 F
Will you take a journey tonight,
          C                   Dm               
Follow me past the walls of death?
         G                 F            C
But girl, what if there is no eternal life?
G                 C
I see my vision burn,
                             F
I feel my memories fade with time
C                     Dm
But I'm too young to worry
A#
A melody, a memory, or just one picture
Dm                F                   G
Seize the day or die regretting the time you lost
       F              A#
It's empty and cold without you here,
         C               Dm
Too many people to ache over
Dm              F                 G        
Trials in life, questions of us existing here,
              F            A#
Don't want to die alone without you here
               C                 Dm
Please tell me what we have is real

*Solo Fill*
F  C  Dm  A# (strum)
F                    C           Dm
So, What if I never hold you, yeah,
                  A#           F
Or kiss you lips again? Wooaaahh
                     C
So, I never want to leave you
        A#
And the memories for us to see

I beg don't leave me
Dm                F                   G
Seize the day or die regretting the time you lost
       F              A#
It's empty and cold without you here,
         C               Dm
Too many people to ache over
Dm              F                 G        
Trials in life, questions of us existing here,
              F            A#
Don't want to die alone without you here
               C                 Dm
Please tell me what we have is real

*2nd solo fill chords*
G  F  Am  A#
G            F           Am                 A#
Silence, you lost me, no chance for one more day

Avenged Sevenfold - Afterlife

Dm                                          Fm
Like walking into a dream, so unlike what you've seen
Dm                                        Fm
So unsure but it seems, ’cause we’ve been waiting for you
Dm                                              Fm
Fallen into this place, just giving you a small taste
       Dm                                               Fm
Of your afterlife here so stay, you'll be back here soon anyway


Dm               C     Dm                      C
I see a distant light, but girl this can't be right
Dm                      C                   Bb
Such a surreal place to see so how did this come to be
  A
Arrived too early


Dm         F                 Bb
And when I think of all the places I just don't belong
Dm            F                  Bb              C          F
I've come to grips with life and realize this is going too far


F            C                      Dm
I don't belong here, we gotta move on dear
  Bb             F
Escape from this afterlife
F            C                     Dm
’Cause this time I'm right to move on and on
Bb
Far away from here


Dm                                                 Fm
A place of hope and no pain, perfect skies with no rain
Dm                                                  Fm
Can leave this place but refrain, ’cause we've been waiting for you
Dm                                              Fm
Fallen into this place, just giving you a small taste
Dm                                                       Fm
Of your afterlife here so stay, you'll be back here soon anyway

Dm                         C
This peace on earth's not right (with my back against the wall)
Dm                  C
No pain or sign of time (I’m much too young to fall)
Dm                           C                     Bb
So out of place don't wanna stay, I feel wrong and that's my sign
    A
I've made up my mind


Dm           F                Bb
Give me your hand but realize I just wanna say goodbye
Dm           F              Bb              C
Please understand I have to leave and carry on my own life

F          C                       Dm     
I don't belong here, I gotta move on dear
   Bb              F
escape from this afterlife
            C                     Dm
’Cause this time I'm right to move on and on,
Bb
far away from here

F              C                         Dm
Got nothing against you and surely I'll miss you
     Bb             F                       C
This place full of peace and light, and I’d hope you might
       Dm          Bb                    Dm 
Take me back inside when the time is right

   <<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>
----* Cute guitar solo =] *----
   <<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>

F          C                       Dm     
I don't belong here, I gotta move on dear
   Bb             F
escape from this afterlife
            C                     Dm
’Cause this time I'm right to move on and on,
Bb
far away from here

F              C                         Dm
Got nothing against you and surely I'll miss you
     Bb             F                       C
This place full of peace and light, and I’d hope you might
       Dm          Bb                    Dm 
Take me back inside when the time is right

Power supply

Power Supply
Pencatu Daya (Inggris: power supply) adalah sebuah piranti elektronika yang berguna sebagai sumber daya untuk piranti lain, terutama daya listrik. Pada dasarnya pencatu daya bukanlah sebuah alat yang menghasilkan energi listrik saja, namun ada beberapa pencatu daya yang menghasilkan energi mekanik, dan energi yang lain.
[sunting] Pencatu daya listrik

Secara garis besar, pencatu daya listrik dibagi menjadi dua macam, yaitu pencatu daya tak distabilkan dan pencatu daya distabilkan.

* Pencatu daya tak distabilkan

Merupakan jenis pencatu daya yang paling sederhana. Pada pencatu daya jenis ini, tegangan maaupun arus keluaran dari pencatu daya tidak distabilkan, sehingga berubah-ubah sesuai keadaan tegangan masukan dan beban pada keluaran. Pencatu daya jenis ini biasanya digunakan pada peranti elektronika sederhana yang tidak sensitif akan perubahan tegangan. pencatu jenis ini juga banyak digunakan pada penguat daya tinggi untuk mengkompensasi lonjakan tegangan keluaran pada penguat.

* Pencatu daya distabilkan

Pencatu jenis ini menggunakan suatu mekanisme loloh balik untuk menstabilkan tegangan keluarannya, bebas dari variasi tegangan masukan, beban keluaran, maupun dengung. Ada dua jenis kalang yang digunakan untuk menstabilkan tegangan keluaran, antara lain:

*
o Pencatu daya Linier

Merupakan jenis pencatu daya yang umum digunakan. Cara kerja dari pencatu daya ini adalah mengubah tegangan AC menjadi tegangan AC lain yang lebih kecil dengan bantuan Transformator. Tegangan ini kemudian disearahkan dengan menggunakan rangkaian penyearah tegangan, dan di bagian akhir ditambahkan kondensator sebagai penghalus tegangan sehingga tegangan DC yang dihasilkan oleh pencatu daya jenis ini tidak terlalu bergelombang.

Selain menggunakan dioda sebagai penyearah, rangkaian lain dari jenis ini dapat menggunakan regulator tegangan linier sehingga tegangan yang dihasilkan lebih baik daripada rangkaian yang menggunakan dioda. Pencatu daya jenis ini biasanya dapat menghasilkan tegangan DC yang bervariasi antara 0 - 60 Volt dengan arus antara 0 - 10 Ampere.

*
o Pencatu daya Sakelar

Pencatu daya jenis ini menggunakan metode yang berbeda dengan pencatu daya linier. Pada jenis ini, tegangan AC yang masuk ke dalam rangkaian langsung disearahkan oleh rangkaian penyearah tanpa menggunakan bantuan transformer.

Cara menyearahkan tegangan tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan frekuensi tinggi antara 10KHz hingga 1MHz, dimana frekuensi ini jauh lebih tinggi daripada frekuensi AC yang sekitar 50Hz. Pada pencatu daya sakelar biasanya diberikan rangkaian umpan balik agar tegangan dan arus yang keluar dari rangkaian ini dapat dikontrol dengan baik.

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